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| Population
and Migration |
The
U.S. has the highest rate of teen pregnancy among industrialized
countries.
There are more shopping malls in the U.S. than high schools.
The U. S. population is 4.6% of global humanity, but it produces
24% of the world's carbon dioxide output, largely from the
burning of fossil fuels.
Directly or indirectly, each U.S. citizen consumes his or her
own body weight in primary resources every day: oil, coal,
other minerals, and agricultural and forest products.
A child born today in the United States will have a lifetime
impact on the environment that is 30 times greater than a child
born today in a developing nation such as India.
The wealthy consume 45% of all meat and fish, use 58% of all
energy produced and own 87% of the vehicles.
2.6 billion people lack basic sanitation, 1.5 billion have
no access to clean water, 1.1 billion lack adequate housing
and nearly 900 million have no access to modern health services
of any kind.
According the UN, Americans and Europeans together spend $17
billion a year on pet food, $4 billion more than the estimated
yearly additional amount needed to provide everyone in the
world with basic health and nutrition.
Each year, there are approximately 3,600,000 unintended pregnancies
in the United States.
Producing a quarter-pound of hamburger requires 100 gallons
of water, 1.2 lbs. of feed grain and energy equal to a cup
of gasoline, causing the loss of 1.25 lbs. of topsoil and producing
greenhouse gas emissions equal to a 6-mile drive in a typical
U.S. automobile.
Each U. S. citizen consumes an average of 260 lbs. of meat
per year, the world's highest rate. This is about 1.5 times
the industrial world average, three times the East Asian average,
and 40 times the average in Bangladesh (6.5 Lbs.).
The trend is toward more consumption worldwide: Global spending
on advertising, which stimulates consumption, multiplied nearly
sevenfold from 1950 to 1990, when the total was $257 billion,
or $48 for each person on the planet. It has nearly doubled
again since then, to $435 billion, and is increasing faster
than incomes or population, especially in developing nations.
AIDS/HIV is reversing decades of progress in improving the
quality of life in developing countries. If AIDS affects 5%
of the population, total national spending on health will increase
by 40%.
Half of all new HIV infections occur in people aged 15-24.
The infection rates among young women are higher than among
young men.
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| Population |
In
1804; world population reached 1 billion
1927: 2 billion (123 years later)
1960: 3 billion (33 years)
1974: 4 billion (13 years)
1987: 5 billion (12 years)
1999: 6 billion (12 years)
Where women are poor, uneducated and have little participation in the wider society,
family size tends to be large and the population growth rate high. Population
and development programs are more effective when they center on improving the
education, rights and status of women.
In poor countries, every additional year of a woman's schooling is associated
with a 5 - 10% decline in child deaths.
An average American's environmental impact is 30-50 times that of the average
citizen of a developing country such as India.
Every 20 minutes, the world adds another 3,500 human lives but loses one or more
entire species of animal or plant life - at least 27,000 species per year.
Two thirds of the world's population lives within 100 miles of an ocean, inland
sea or freshwater lake: 14 of the world's 15 largest megacities are coastal:
their impacts include growing loads of sewage and other waste, the drainage of
wetlands and development of beaches, and destruction of prime fish nurseries.
The world's forests have shrunk from 11.4 to 7.3 square kilometers per 1,000
people since 1970. The loss is concentrated in developing countries, mostly to
meet the demand for wood and paper by industrialized world. Wild species are
becoming extinct 50 to 100 times faster than they would through natural rates
of extinction.
The number of cities with more than one million people rose from 111 in 1960
to 280 in 1995. Two-thirds of them are in developing countries. It is estimated
that by 2010, the number of such cities in the developing world will rise from
173 to 368.
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